Winter is the season of influenza.Many friends around them have recently experienced symptoms such as fever and cough. Because most people have no resistance to influenza viruses, they are susceptible.During pregnancy, due to changes in hormone levels, pregnant mothers have weak immunity, so they are also particularly easy to be attached to the cold.So, how to deal with colds during pregnancy?In addition, the increase in weight during pregnancy is a problem that every pregnant mother is very concerned.Why must women gain weight after pregnancy?How much is suitable?
[Dietary diet with some fruits and vegetables "acid"]
In the early pregnancy, many expectant mothers did not have a stomach, like to eat sour food, and disgusting oil. This is called early pregnancy reaction.At this time, add some "sour" in your diet.
Acid food can strengthen gastric mucosa secretion of gastric acid, gastric protease and other digestive solution, promote gastrointestinal motility, help food digestion and absorption, can also stimulate the taste, increase appetite, alleviate the early pregnancy reaction of pregnant women, regulate the sensitivity of the taste, and ensure that the intake of pregnancy is sufficient.Nutrition and tension.
But not all sour foods are suitable for pregnant women. Pregnant mothers must learn to "picky eaters".Tomatoes, oranges, kiwi, dates, cherries, green apples and other sour fruits and vegetables are more suitable. They are rich in carbohydrates, moisture, dietary fiber, various vitamins, and trace elements. In addition to increasing the appetite of pregnant women, dietary fiber can also promote the gastrointestinal and intestinesCreeping and improving constipation; vitamin C can improve the immunity of pregnant women, promote iron absorption, and prevent anemia; potassium, calcium, iron, phosphorus, etc. can supplement the trace elements required by pregnant women;development.
Pregnant women are best to eat less or not pickle sauerkraut and plums. After processing, they not only have serious nutritional loss, but also contain high salt and sugar, and there are many additives.
In addition, expectant mothers who have no appetite in the early pregnancy should pay attention to the diverse types of food to meet the nutritional needs of maternal and infants.At the same time, it is recommended that pregnant women eat less meals, chew slowly, and eat less foods that are prone to gas, such as big beans, radish.
[How to deal with a cold during pregnancy]
Ordinary colds are a self -limited disease. Pay attention to drinking more hot water, avoid dense public places in and out of the public, and avoid cold and overwork, and you can recover quickly.If you have the early symptoms of a cold, you can drink some hot soup with pepper and ginger, rest more, try not to go to work without illness to prevent cross -infection.
Pay attention to the following situations: 1. Heat, body temperature exceeds 38 ° C, and is accompanied by chills, loss of appetite or difficulty in breathing.2. Heat and suffer from lung disease, such as emphysema or asthma.Continuous cough for more than 10 days.3. Chest pain, difficulty breathing, or blood sputum when coughing.When pregnant mothers have the above symptoms, they are suspected of influenza.Be sure to see the doctor in time and take the initiative to inform the doctor that he is pregnant.Doctors will adopt a suitable drug treatment plan to avoid the fetus from being affected.
Because the medication during pregnancy is strictly standardized, especially the sensitive period of medication in the first 12 weeks, pregnant mothers should actively prevent colds.Preventing a cold should be achieved in the following points: drink plenty of water, eat more fresh fruits and green vegetables, and appropriately supplement vitamin C.Avoid excessive fatigue, ensure sufficient sleep and appropriate exercise.Keep indoor air circulation and try to avoid crowded and dirty public places.For pregnant mothers with weak immune function, pay special attention to increase or decrease clothes in time.Sometimes it is easy to sweat and get cold and cold.
If pregnant mothers need to go out during the prevalence of flu, pay attention to the following points: pay attention to diet and water hygiene.During a restaurant with a hygienic license, you do not eat corruption and deterioration and exceed foods and drinks that exceed the shelf life.When traveling, it is strictly forbidden to eat the unknown poultry and livestock in the wild.When the farmhouse played, he was far away from the slaughter and did not slaughter the livestock.Do not buy live poultry, especially without buying poultry of mobile vendors. If there are poultry with sickness or unknown causes in the family, they do not discard them at will.
Before traveling, you must particularly understand the current status of diseases and regions of destination countries and regions. According to different infectious diseases, you can make up for the prevention of prevention of infectious diseases in advance, and take corresponding protection measures.Pay attention to diet and water hygiene when you go out.Dine restaurants with a hygiene permit.Foods and drinks that do not eat corruption and exceed the shelf life.When the symptoms of discomfort occur within two weeks from the epidemic area, you should go to a regular hospital in time and take the initiative to inform the history of going out to assist in the diagnosis.
[During pregnancy, it is not appropriate to stick plaster]
In the case of, the basic requirement of medication during pregnancy is that the drugs used have no obvious adverse reactions to pregnant women, and at the same time, it is necessary to ensure that there is no direct or indirect adverse effect on the embryo and fetus in the uterus.Although the plaster is used for topical drugs, there will be many drug components absorbed by the human body through the skin.Moreover, modern external use paste preparation technology is generally improved, increasing the permeable absorption rate and biological utilization.Therefore, the impact of external plaster on pregnant women and fetuses cannot be ignored.Note that there is a plaster with the following ingredients. In particular, it is not suitable for use during pregnancy:
1. Chinese medicine with toxic ingredients and Chinese medicine, pregnant women are strictly prohibited.These ingredients not only directly cause damage to pregnant women and fetuses, but also may cause uterine contraction, causing fetal suffocation or abortion.
2. Traditional Chinese medicines such as Tongjinghua, smooth stasis, slippery tips, stagnation of qi, and hot and dry, pregnant women should be used with caution.Most of the traditional Chinese medicine components that treat the traditional Chinese medicine of waist, knee arthritis and decline damage, mostly Chinese medicine ingredients such as promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis, swelling and pain, dispersing cold and dehumidification, such as musk, frankincense, safflower, no medicine, peach kernel, Angelica, Chuanxiong, etc.In the instructions of these drugs, "pregnant women use with caution" or "pregnant women forbidden".The most clear one is musk.The medicine contains musk ketones, which has the effect of stimulating the nervous system, which can easily cause uterine excitement, enhance rhythm contraction, anti -egg bed and early pregnancy, so musk is disabled for pregnant women.
3. Volatile substances such as camphor and borneols often contained in plaster, which also has certain toxicity for expectant mothers and fetuses.
4. In particular, you need to pay attention to "black plaster".Its square contains Red Dan, which contains leading compounds, and pregnant women must not be used.
5. Paste plaster on the waist is likely to affect the fetus.Another important reason for pregnant women should not post plaster is that the pain of many expectant mothers on the waist, and the plaster will be attached to the waist.Traditional Chinese medicine believes that "the waist is the house of kidney", which is in the same level as the uterus, and the kidney acupoint is in the waist, which is an important acupuncture point for the tires and tires.Therefore, sticking plaster on the waist is likely to affect the fetus.
In addition, for non -pregnancy female patients, used plasters should also be suspended during menstruation, especially lumbar lilies.
Back pain in pregnant women is more common. Pay attention to sitting and sleeping positions. Do not sit for a long time and overwork, adjust the weight of diet control, avoid too large the scope of waist activity, prohibit bending over and heavy massage, etc.The preferred plan.If the pain is particularly serious and unbearable, you should treat it for treatment. Do not post plaster to solve it by yourself.
[Essential weight growth during pregnancy]
Wen Jiying, chief physician of the obstetrics director of the Guangdong Maternal and Child Health Hospital, said that in order to ensure the nutrition of maternal and infants, the weight of pregnant women will inevitably increase.But this does not mean that expectant mothers can "release themselves".Generally speaking, the weight of normal pregnant women’s weight is about 12.5kg throughout the pregnancy: an increase of about 2kg during early pregnancy, and an increase of about 0.4kg per week in the middle and late stages.
If the nutrients during pregnancy are excessive, in addition to the rapid growth of pregnant women, pregnancy hypertension, pregnancy, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, etc. can also occur. The incidence of huge children and the difficulty of mothers can also increase.
Depending on the BMI index before pregnancy, the appropriate weight added value during pregnancy also has a corresponding range.Pre -pregnancy low -weight pregnant women (BMI less than 18.5), total weight gain range is 12.5 ~ 18kg; normal weight pregnant women before pregnancy (BMI is 18.5 ~ 24.9), the total weight gain range is 11.5 ~ 16kg; the overweight pregnant woman before pregnancy (25 ~ 29.9)The total weight gain range is 7 ~ 11.5kg; Pregnant pregnant women (BMI greater than 30) before pregnancy, and the total weight gain range should be controlled at 5 ~ 9kg.
Health knows more -the key points of the five major diets during pregnancy
1. Supplement folic acid
Throughout pregnancy, oral folic acid supplements are 400 μg (micrograms), and green leafy vegetables are consumed every day; 20 ~ 50 g red meat should be increased per day in the middle and late pregnancy, and animal offal or blood is eaten 1-2 times a week.It should also eat seafood -rich foods rich in iodine, such as kelp and seaweed.
2. Early pregnancy: ensure the necessary amount of carbohydrates
Those with severe pregnancy in early pregnancy can eat a small amount; those who have no obvious early pregnancy reactors maintain a balanced diet before pregnancy; those with obvious pregnancy or poor appetite do not have to emphasize the balanced diet; at least 130g of carbohydrates per day; those with less eating or severe pregnancy should beJust seek medical treatment in time.
3. In the middle and late pregnancy: appropriately increase the intake of milk, fish, poultry, eggs, and lean meat
Compared with early pregnancy, 200g of milk is increased per day in the second trimester; a total of 50g of fish, poultry, eggs, and lean meat is increased daily from the second trimester, and the intake of 75g/d (125g per day) is increased in the third trimester.
Fish is the first choice for animal foods. It is best to consume 2 to 3 deep -sea fish 2 to 3 times a week.
4. Don’t forget to exercise
Healthy pregnant women should conduct medium or low -intensity physical activity at no less than 30 minutes per day. It is best to have 1 to 2 hours outdoor activities, such as walking and gymnastics. The specific physical condition and exercise habit of pregnant women can be done.Do not advocate collision sports.
5. Smoke and alcohol, actively prepare breastfeeding
[Baby hair is related to nutritional intake during pregnancy]
The nutrients required for fetal development are all from the mother, mainly to transmit nutrients through umbilical cord and placenta.Whether the mother’s intake of protein and vitamin during pregnancy also has a certain impact on the baby’s hair.At 3 months of pregnancy, the hair of the fetus began to grow.At this time, you can eat some foods that are good for hair growth, such as black sesame seeds.Black sesame contains vitamins and lecithin, which is conducive to hair growth.You can also eat some walnuts.Walnuts contain vitamin E and linoleic acid, which can make the hair dark and shiny.Nutrition of the day after tomorrow is also very important, especially the lack of calcium, iron, zinc and other elements will also affect the healthy growth of the baby’s hair.
Of course, whether the baby’s hair is thick, it is not the standard for judging hair health or not. It mainly depends on the gloss of the hair.Healthy hair is generally shiny. On the contrary, if the baby’s hair is dry and not shiny, parents will pay more attention to the baby’s body.Some babies are scarce. They may be related to certain diseases, such as lack of or excessive or excessive alcohol, and genetic metabolic diseases, such as pheasant diseases, lacks or excess of certain rare elements, will all show sparse hair.Parents should pay attention to that if the baby’s hair is still not significantly improved, it is recommended to go to the hospital for nutritional assessment and related examinations, so that there can be problems with early detection and early treatment.
As the saying goes, hair should be shaved frequently to grow well.But in fact, it’s not.Multi -shaving will only stimulate the speed of the head, does not increase the amount of hair, nor will it make the baby’s hair better.In addition, when you cut your baby your hair, do not shave it with your head. It is best to leave about 1 cm long hair to avoid destroying the hair follicles, affecting the head of the head, and a certain protective effect on the scalp.
[What inspections should be done to avoid Tang’s?
Many pregnant women and their families are relatively strange to screen for Don.Donal is a congenital fool, which is caused by abnormal chromosomes 21, also known as the 21 trisomy syndrome or Tang’s syndrome. It is the most common non -rectifier chromosomal abnormalities in fetal and newborn.The disease is an occasional disease. Each normal husband and wife have the risk of children with childbirth. There is no sign of pregnancy during pregnancy, and most of the parents of Tang family have no family history and clear poison contact history.
The age of pregnant women is positively correlated with Tang’s detection, and other individual differences in pregnant women have no significant correlation to Tang’s output.After the two -child policy triggered the tide of children in the elderly, the risk of birth defect risks rose, and the risk of growing Tang’s children was getting greater.However, expectant mothers do not have to panic. As the medical diagnosis and treatment methods have improved, at this stage, they can detect people with a greater possibility of illness through Tang’s screening technology.If the result is high risk, a diagnostic examination is needed to further be performed through amniotic fluid puncture or non -invasive DNA, which can largely increase the detection rate of Tang’s child.
At present, Tang’s syndrome does not have effective treatment.Therefore, screening during pregnancy is of great significance for preventing children in the production of Tang family syndrome.
Donald screening measures before birth.1. Early pregnancy screening: Including fetal ultrasound examination, that is, the neck semi -transparency test (NT, NB), and serum examination.2. Screening in the middle of pregnancy: A tire protein, human chorionic gonadotropin, and free estradiralol are the most widely used combinations. Checking is generally arranged in 15-22 weeks of pregnancy, and the positive detection rate is 65%to 75%.3. If it is highly suspected to be Tang’s, prenatal diagnosis test includes amniotic occlusion, or velvet hair for chromosomal analysis and fetal free DNA test.The fetal free DNA detection is high and has no invasiveness to the fetus. However, due to factors such as placenta chimeric and maternal tumors, there are also certain pseudo -positive and false negative possibilities.
Donald screening measures after birth.If the baby needs to be diagnosed after birth, you can do chromosomal nuclear detection, obtain cells from the blood sample, and check whether one more 21 chromosomes.In addition, some complications that exist or discover at birth or after birth, such as congenital heart disease, digestive tract obstruction, hearing loss, visual impairment, leukemia and thyroid diseases, etc., help to diagnose Tang’s.
Comprehensive from the People’s Daily Online-Life Times, China Women’s Daily, Health Newspaper, Guangzhou Daily
