Recently, the medical workers of the tooth disease prevention center of Xuhui District, Shanghai, came to Pumijiangtang Township, Paomi County, Langcazi County, Tibet to popularize the knowledge of oral health care for local residents and provide free consultation services.The picture shows Zhou Manli, a doctor of the Xuhui District Dental Dental Prevention Institute on July 8th, is teaching children how to brush their teeth correctly.Photo by Xinhua News Agency reporter Zhang Rufeng
Liu Min, Minister and Chief Physician of the Science Department of Stomatology of Stomatology, has long been committed to the prevention and treatment of oral diseases such as caries and pulp disease for a long time. He has done a lot of work in oral health science.
As the saying goes: "The teeth are not good, the disease runs full." Oral health is closely related to whole body health.Oral health in childhood not only affects the growth and development of children, but also has a profound impact on the health of his life.What are the common oral health problems of children and adolescents?How should we protect the teeth scientifically and effectively?Liu Min, director and chief physician of the Beijing Stomatological Association, recently interviewed by a reporter from this newspaper to interpret the "big article" in the "small mouth".
Protecting children’s oral health starts from preparing for pregnancy
"My child brushed his teeth seriously from an early age, and rarely eat sugar. How can the teeth still be so bad?" "When should the child’s oral health be protected?" Many parents often issue such doubts.
"Many people say that oral health care should be grabbed during pregnancy, because the baby’s deciduous teeth have begun to develop during the mother’s pregnancy. In fact, we recommend that women do their oral self -care before pregnancy, because the pregnant mother’s oral health and their own themselves themselves themselves.And the health of the fetus is closely related. "Liu Min introduced that some studies have found that the risk of premature birth and low -body re -childbirth in pregnant women who have periodontal diseases have increased;During pregnancy, toothache may occur and inconvenient to treat. After the baby is born, caries bacteria may be passed to the baby through intimate contact with the mother and child, increasing the baby’s caries risk.,, Etc., may pass the caries in the mouth to infants and young children. It is recommended that oral examination and treatment must be performed; couples in the childbearing age should also perform comprehensive oral examinations when preparing for pregnancy, so as to get pregnant without dental disease.The child’s oral health lays a good foundation. "
In 2019, the "Health Oral Oral Action Plan (2019-2025)" issued by the National Health and Health Commission clearly proposes to carry out 1,000 days of oral health services early in life, and take oral health knowledge as the focus of pre -marital physical examination, maternal health management and pregnant women’s school curriculum prioritiescontent.
1000 days in the early days of life refers to the stage from the fetus (270 days) for women’s pregnancy (270 days) to two years after the birth of the child (730 days), this 1000 days is also defined by the World Health Organization as a "opportunity window for a person’s growth and developmentExpect".Liu Min said that it is very meaningful to pay attention to the early 1,000 days of life, and the baby’s deciduous teeth are basically this period from development to germination.
"There are two dental roses in a person’s life: deciduous teeth and permanent teeth. The deciduous roses are arranged from 20 deciduous teeth, 10 upper and lower jaws." Liu Min introduced that there was no teeth when the newborn was born, and 6 births were born.The first deciduous teeth started around the month, and the 20 deciduous teeth were basically erupted by the age of 2 and a half years.At the age of 6, the child began to grow permanent teeth to replace the deciduous teeth. There were 28-32 permanent teeth, which was replaced at about 12 years old.
Before the child is 7 years old, the parents need to help brush their teeth
When is the child, when should you start cleaning your mouth?
"When the baby has no teeth, you can start cleaning your mouth, and start brushing his teeth at the latest from the long teeth." Liu Min introduced that before and after the long teeth, the gums will be swollen, itchy, etc., Due to drool, parents can dip some clean gauze dipped in white and open their gums to relieve the baby’s discomfort, allow the baby to gradually adapt to the cleaning of the mouth, and lay the foundation for developing the habit of brushing their teeth after long teeth.
"From the perspective of preventing dental caries, after the baby’s two deciduous teeth below, you can start brushing his teeth." Liu Min suggested that parents should transition to brushing their babies with normal toothbrushes as soon as possible.convenient.Before the age of 3, the baby will not rinse his mouth. Each time you brush your teeth, use rice grain toothpaste. As the teeth sprout increase, the teeth are gradually becoming smaller. It is recommended to use tooth floss to clean the neighboring plaque soft dirt.After 3 years old, the baby will rinse, and it is recommended to use soybean -sized toothpaste to brush his teeth.Children under the age of 7 should not clean their teeth independently. Parents should insist on helping children clean their mouths twice a day. It is especially important before going to bed.Oral cleaning includes brushing and using dental floss. Pay attention to everything, and you must not be omitted.At the same time, it is recommended to use fluoride toothpaste to brush your teeth.After the child is 7 years old, he can generally provide basic oral hygiene (brushing and use of dental floss). Parents should regularly check whether the teeth are clean according to the child’s situation.In addition, parents must take their children to receive professional oral examinations on a regular basis, and it is recommended to check every six months.
The frequency of controlling sugar is more critical than controlling the amount of sugar
The results of the fourth national oral health epidemiological survey showed that the prevalence rate of 5 -year -old children’s deciduous dental dental caries was 70.9%, the incidence of permanent dental caries in 12 -year -old children was 34.5%.It is worth noting that unprecedented caries will not heal by itself. If they are not intervened, the final result of its development is the loss of teeth.
Why is the prevalence of children’s caries?"Increased caries in the oral cavity are often related to the economy. Many countries have this experience -the economic development has been developed, and the degree of refinement of foods for nationals has increased. Fine, soft, and sugar -containing food intake has increased.The situation of caries is gradually increasing. "Liu Min emphasized that parents are the first responsible person of their children’s oral health. Especially when children are 1-2 years old, they should pay attention to scientific feeding.
"If the baby falls asleep (including breast milk and formula milk) after the baby is 1 year old, the occurrence of dental caries will almost be inevitable; the baby eats night milk (including breast milk and formula) after the baby is 1 year old, which is almost equivalent to dental caries." Liu Min saidCaries are the result of the deprivation of caries in the mouth and the result of the sour and corroded teeth. The same is true for the baby’s dental caries: the sugar in the milk is fermented with caries, and the deciduous teeth are soaked in this acidic environment for a long time.Organizations are easily destroyed and dental caries are formed.Sleeping milk and frequent breast milk at night are the main causes of deciduous caries. After 1 year of age, babies do not recommend drinking night milk again; babies after 1 year old, in addition to drinking milk, will gradually try less salt, sugar, lessStimulating and light -flavored supplementary food, the baby does not rinse his mouth. After drinking milk or eating supplementary food, you can give your baby a few mouthfuls of warm white water, which can achieve the purpose of simple cleaning oral cavity.In addition, Wenbai boiled water should also be the baby’s daily drinking water. Do not add vegetable juice, vitamins, calcium tablets, etc. If you need to supplement the above nutrients, you should drink it in a short time and should not be used as daily drinking water.
Since sugar is the main cause of dental caries. Is it necessary to strictly control the child’s intake of sugar?
"It is not scientific to blindly regulate sugar." Liu Min emphasized that controlling the frequency of sugar is more critical than controlling the amount of sugar. When you want to give your baby cakes or snacks, you can eat it in moderation, but try to avoid two meals as much as possible.Snacks.If you want to drink a drink of freshly squeezed juice, honey water, etc., you can use cups or bowls and spoons to drink.Remember to brush your teeth or rinse your mouth after eating to reduce the time for sugar to stay on the surface of the teeth.
Doing a good health is the foundation of preventing caries to prevent caries
Some people think that "the deciduous teeth do not need to be cured, it will be replaced sooner or later." Is this right?
"Of course not right. The deciduous teeth are broken and the children’s chewing and pronunciations are broken. The inflammation and pain caused by the breasts. If the deciduous teeth are bad, the development of the permanent teeth will also be affected." Liu Min said that the deciduous teeth are the pointer of the permanent teeth development.There is a developmental permanent tooth embryo under each deciduous teeth. If the deciduous teeth are broken, if it is not treated in time, it may affect the following permanent tooth embryo and the health of the mestaux in the future.It may cause the gap between the permanent teeth in the future and grow uneven teeth.
"The earliest germination of the permanent teeth is the first constant molar. It is a large teeth at the end of the deciduous lift, one up, down, left, and one, a total of 4. Because it is often sprung around 6 years old, it is called it.’Six -year -old teeth’. "Liu Min said that the first Heng Mogo is particularly important and prone to dental caries. Many parents are mistaken for deciduous teeth and must be protected.Closed.
"When we open our mouths, we can see that the bite of the big teeth (the side of the chewing food) is uneven.It is difficult for parents to use a toothbrush to clean up, and the tooth decay can easily start with these gaps. Medically, this kind of caries are ditches and caries. "Liu Min said that the closure of the ditch is the internationally mature to prevent the appropriate technology of the first constant grinding caries.It is also the main measure of Chinese children’s oral public health projects.It refers to coating the material on the gap of the ditch of the teeth to form a protective barrier, fill the gaps of the teeth, so that on the one hand, the food residue is not easy to stay on the surface of the teeth. On the other hand, the oral cavity is cleanedIt’s easier.
Of course, not all children need to be closed.Experts introduced that children have high risk of caries, and they are deep and difficult to clean. They need to be closed.If the ditch is shallow and the child has a low risk of caries, it does not need to be closed.If the first constant molar is already caries, the teeth are needed, and it cannot be closed.In addition to the closed ditch, it is also a common practice to prevent dental dental dental dental dental dental dental dental dental dental.
"Closing and fluoride is only one of the ways to prevent caries." Liu Min emphasized that doing good health is the root of preventing dental caries -less snacks, healthy foods, fully rinse after eatingFluoride toothpaste effectively brush teeth and use dental floss, and regularly go to the hospital for oral examination in order to protect the oral health.Wang Meihua
Source: People’s Daily Overseas Edition
